Itinerary – 16 days by car through italy

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Feels like only yesterday I shared with you my thoughts before a trip. And now the 16 days in italy with the car are already behind me again. my first real road trip took me to many great places and gave me a lot of adventures, about which i will of course report in detail in the next few weeks. But first of all, so that you know what I have to tell you, I would like to show you my route in advance.

It started in the night from friday to saturday. On 4. June 2016 i got into the car at half past one, entered the first destination into my navi and started my road trip, still slightly tired but full of anticipation.

Around 700 kilometers lay ahead. the first stage through switzerland down to lago maggiore was one of the longer ones of the trip. Most of the time I "only" drove about 200 kilometers a day. in the next few days she visited the cinque terre, pisa, lake bolsena and rome.

The longest stay I had then in naples, the southernmost point of the route. 5 days i spent there to visit the many great places like the islands of capri and ischia. Otherwise, I have always stayed only one or two nights in one accommodation.

After 12 days my way from naples led me north again for quite a distance. I had to cover over 500 kilometers to get to bologna. Afterwards I went to lake garda and venice, before I drove home on the great dolomite road. not only because of the traffic jam on the brennerautobahn this was by far the longest distance i had to cover. Only after 13 hours and about 1.000 kilometers i could park the car at home.

Below you can find an overview of the different stages and the places I visited during the 16 days.

Itinerary italy – day 1

Destination and overnight stay: stresa, lago maggiore

Excursion to isola bella (updateclick here for the article)

Isola bella in lago maggiore

itinerary italy – day 2

Destination and overnight stay: la spezia, cinque terre

boat tour along the cinque terre (update: click here for the article)

view from the water to the cinque terre

itinerary italy – day 3

overnight stay: la spezia, cinque terre

Cinque-terre hike (update: click here for the article)

While hiking in the cinque terre

Are you still looking for the right travel guide for your trip to italy? Then here are two recommendations for you. If you click on the pictures, you will go directly to amazon. The links are so called affiliate links. if you buy something through these links, i get a small commission. You have no disadvantages. Of course, there are no additional costs for you.

What you need to know about the battery, range and charging speed

The heart of every electric vehicle is the battery. lithium-ion batteries are the most common type of battery used in modern e-cars. Due to its limited capacity, the battery is the key factor for the achievable range and, together with the charging technology installed, also determines the speed at which it can be recharged. The usable battery capacity is on average between 30 and 80 kWh, so that you can drive between 150 and 400 km with a full charge under realistic conditions. The larger the memory, the greater the range, but also: the higher the purchase cost (and the raw material consumption for the battery).

Under real conditions one battery charge can not be fully used for propulsion. Experience shows that electric cars lose around 20% of their range in the summer because additional electricity is needed to cool the battery and the air conditioning system. In winter the range can even be reduced up to 40%, because among other things the heating consumes additional energy.

How much energy an electric car needs for a distance of 100 km depends mainly on the size and weight of the vehicle. In particular, the weight will be strongly influenced by the battery. Another factor is the way you drive and whether you drive short distances in the city or long distances on the highway.

On average, electric cars consume between 15 and 25 kWh per 100 km, depending on the model.

Charging time depends on the power of the charging station, the charging technology in the vehicle and the battery capacity. The weakest component determines the maximum possible charging power. For example: with an output of 22 kW, about 20 kWh of energy can be "refueled" in one hour (minus losses) which corresponds on average to a range of 100 km. From a state of charge of 80%, the charging speed of the battery usually decreases. When fast charging on the highway, therefore, the charging process is usually stopped at 80%.

How much does an electric car cost compared to a combustion engine??

The purchase costs for electric cars vary depending on the manufacturer, vehicle class, battery size and equipment of the vehicle. Even today, electric cars are cheaper to buy than comparable internal combustion models – mainly thanks to government subsidies. Up to 9000 euros are currently available from the government and manufacturers as a total premium.

The maintenance costs for an electric car are generally significantly lower than for cars with internal combustion engines. This is because some steps, such as changing oil and timing belts, are completely eliminated. In addition, many mechanical parts that can be expensive to repair simply no longer exist.

Energy costs during operation are significantly lower for electric vehicles than for vehicles with internal combustion engines. On average, an e-car consumes about 20 kwh per 100 km (energy consumption varies depending on the model). If you calculate with a price of 30 ct/kwh (household electricity), you get a price of 6 euro per 100 km. The more solar power that ends up in your tank, the cheaper the trip: if you "fill up" with solar power from your own roof, you’ll save money, can get away particularly favorably.

For comparison: with an average gasoline consumption of 8 l per 100 km and a gasoline price of currently about 1.50 euro/l, this results in a price of 12 euro for a distance of 100 km.

As the federal government wishes to promote the sale of e-cars, e-vehicles registered for the first time by the end of 2025 will be subject to a 31.12.exempt from vehicle tax in 2030.

In an overall cost assessment, you should take into account the factors of acquisition, maintenance, repair, etc taking into account operating costs, insurance and loss of value. A regularly updated cost comparison between some models can be found on the ADAC website.

What are the types of plugs for electric cars?? Do the differences in the charging cables affect the charging performance??

In Germany, four types of plug are commonly used for electric cars: two of them are suitable for alternating current (AC) charging at home, and two others for fast charging with direct current (DC) charging on the road. Which connection you need for your wallbox depends on the choice of your e-car.

The so-called type 2 plug is the european standard connection for e-cars and is the most widely used in germany and europe. It can transmit a charging power of up to 43 kW (only alternating current). According to the charging station ordinance, all public normal charging stations (AC charging) in germany must be equipped with a type 2 or. Be equipped with a type 2 socket.
The so-called Type 1 plug allows single-phase charging power up to 7.4 kw. It is mainly used in car models from the asian region, which is why there are hardly any charging stations with a permanently attached type 1 charging cable in europe. With the help of adapter cables, type 2 charging stations can be used. New vehicles with type 1 plugs are no longer offered in europe, but you may still come across them occasionally when buying a used car.
The combo or CCS plug (combined charging system) is designed for fast charging with direct current. This plug connection is more or less an extended type 2 plug. E-cars with fast charging option usually have a connector that fits both the CCS and the type-2 plug. This type of plug is widely used for fast charging in Europe with direct current. The latest fast charging points with CCS connection, so-called HPC (high power charging) chargers, provide up to 350 kw charging power. However, only a few vehicles can currently handle it; if necessary, the power is automatically regulated down to the corresponding vehicle.
The plug most commonly used by Japanese manufacturers for fast DC charging is the chademo plug. Currently, charging power of about 50 kw is offered, but theoretically, significantly more than 100 kw is possible.

Some plug types are compatible with each other via adapter cable. As a rule, the equipment of an electric car includes a cable with a plug that matches the vehicle and a plug for the charging stations. In a few cases, e-car manufacturers may offer exclusive plugs. Continuous charging of an electric car at a normal household socket should be avoided. This poses a serious safety hazard, as the power lines in the house are overloaded and, in the worst case, fires can start. Further information on private charging can be found here.

The electric car battery only stores direct current (DC). To convert the mains alternating current (AC), a rectifier is available either in the e-car (AC charging) or in the quick charging station (DC charging).

Gerhard seybert / fotolia

The so-called type 2 plug is considered the standard european connection for electric cars and is the most widely used here. It can transmit a charging power of about 43 kw. A type-2 plug is also a prerequisite for the current subsidies in NRW.

The so-called type-1 plug allows charging powers of up to 7.4 kw. It is mainly used in car models from the asian region, which is why there are hardly any charging stations in europe with a permanently attached type 1 charging cable. Type 2 charging points can be used with adapter cables.

The combo or CCS (combined charging system) plug is designed for fast charging by means of direct current and alternating current. Theoretically, up to 170 kW of power is currently possible, but in reality the charging capacity is significantly lower. For fast charging in europe by means of direct current, this type of plug is widely used.

Karin& uwe annas / fotolia

The plug most commonly used by Japanese manufacturers for fast DC charging is the chademo plug. Charging power of around 50 kW can currently be transmitted, but 100 kW is theoretically possible.

How environmentally harmful is an electric car??

The life cycle assessment of electric cars and internal combustion engines is a hotly debated topic in the public arena. Current studies show that e-cars already have a climate advantage over internal-combustion vehicles throughout their entire life cycle. The electricity mix plays a crucial role.

The fact is that the more green electricity they have in their battery – for example, directly from the PV system on the roof – the less CO2 an electric car emits. Fully charged with green electricity, electric vehicles produce no CO2 emissions during operation.

Most energy is consumed in the production of the batteries. But with more efficient production processes, a higher share of renewable energy in the electricity mix, and improved battery cell technology, the carbon footprint of battery manufacturing is steadily improving.

The environmental impact and social problems associated with the extraction of some of the raw materials required for the batteries – especially lithium and cobalt – must be viewed critically in some areas. However, there are signs of improvements in the future through stricter production legislation, improved recycling and research into alternative raw materials. Nevertheless, it can make sense not to choose the largest battery if the e-car is mainly used for shorter distances. Your wallet and the environment will thank you for it.

Bite marks on spark plug cables and car hoses? Here a marten will have been at work. the animals cause millions of damages in german cars every year – but the expulsion is relatively simple. A marten repellent can easily be stowed under the hood and chases the animals away with ultrasonic or harmless electric shocks from it.

If you want to keep the martens away not only from the inside of a particular car, but also from the inside of the car itself, you need to find the right product keep away from workshop or garage would like, is worth a corresponding device, which is attached to the wall. To find out which models are suitable, simply refer to our product table.

Marderschreck recommendations

ISOTRONIC marten repellent

Gardigo solar animal repellent

Did you like this marten scare comparison?

Buying advice: how to find the right product in our marten repellent comparison 2022

With a marten repellent keep martens away and thus avoid expensive damage to your car.
There is the marderschreck with ultrasound, with high voltage as well as a combination of both, whereby a marten repellent with ultrasound and high voltage most effective, but is also the most expensive.
With a marten repellent dangerous situations can be avoided when driving a car and accidents are avoided.

If you see them in pictures or in the wild, most people say: "oh how cute".

But the cute little martens have it all wrong, when it comes to causing major damage to the car. The repairs can sometimes be not only very expensive, unnoticed they become a danger that can be life-threatening.

To keep the martens where they belong – in their natural environment – and not between cables and pipes in the engine compartment, you can keep the animals away from your car with the help of a marten deterrent, and thus avoid that your cables are bitten in the car. marten sprays are usually ineffective, as the animal quickly gets used to the new smell.

But which is the best marten deterrent to keep the to keep small rodents at a distance? To help you find the right marten repellent for your car, we have carried out a marten repellent comparison 2021 / 2022 in this buyer’s guide a summary of the most important purchasing criteria.

1. How to avoid marten damage to the car?

Particularly in rural areas, the apparently cute martens can be found roaming around, not infrequently doing their mischief in the engine compartment. The warm engine interior and dhe tasty rubber engine hoses provide an absolute feel-good atmosphere, seems to magically attract the martens.

For you as a car owner this is not only annoying, it can also be very expensive and dangerous if the marten bites spark plug cables and car hoses or tears out insulation material. A damage not to be underestimated occurs. In this case, the only option is to go to a car repair shop, which will have to repair the damage at great expense.

As soon as you notice marten tracks, you should check your car for possible damage. If you notice the damage while you are driving, you should stop as soon as possible. We recommend to immediately contact the roadside assistance service that will take care of your matter. If the damage involves the oil line and you notice oil on the road, you should alert the fire department.

Martens can cause considerable damage to the car.

The most common types of damage to the car include bites on ignition cables, coolant hoses, windshield wiper hoses, bellows and rubber sleeves, power lines, insulation mats for noise and heat insulation and hoses for the engine control unit. Damage to the coolant hose is particularly dangerous. This can cause overheating, which in turn can cause engine damage.

Damage to rubber sleeves is also not to be underestimated. Damage to the drivetrain, axles and steering can result. In the worst case, there will be an accident due to the marten damage.

Even bites on the ignition cable can have serious consequences. They prevent the engine from starting. Damage to the catalytic converter is common the consequence. Bitten electrical cables lead to cable fires in the worst case scenario.

To avoid the damage and danger, we recommend a marten repellent for the car. With the help of the marten repellent for your car you keep the rodents away.

If you park near your house, keep martens out of your garden with your marten repellent as well. because as soon as the marten is in the garden, he is also quickly in the house. If the marten is in the attic, you will also need a marten repellent.

2. What types of marten repellent are there?

Pay attention to the indicators in your car if you fear marten damage.

there are three different types of marten repellent devices. All three have both advantages and disadvantages. The basic distinction lies in the way the marten is to be disturbed. The types of marten repellent work with ultrasound or electric shocks. some marten repellent models have an additional flashing light function to scare off martens.

The marten repellent with ultrasound works, as the name suggests, with ultrasound. The sound travels in a frequency range that cannot be heard by humans. A marten, on the other hand, hears these frequencies clearly and finds them extremely unpleasant and is therefore kept away from the car.

The marten protection with high voltage drives away the animals, similar to the cow grazing system with electric shocks. When touching the contact plates, the marten receives an electric shock and then leaves the area.

A very effective way to repel martens is to use a device that combines ultrasound and electric shocks. these models include an electronic control system, several metal plates and an ultrasonic component.

some marderschrecks are also equipped with a motion detector or a circuit diagram.

Frequency range that cannot be heard by humans, martens find this very unpleasant and drive them away.
High quality devices change stands the frequency range, so that the animals can not get used to a certain frequency.
In the case of cheap products, some frequency ranges can be heard by people, especially babies and small children, which in extreme cases can lead to damage to the hearing.
Marderschreck is suitable also for the house.

Consists of several contact plate and a control unit.
In the engine compartment the contact plates are attached exactly at the places which are to be protected.
As soon as the marten touches the contact plates, it receives an electric shock.
When the engine is switched off, the marten repellent activates automatically, provided you have chosen a high quality device.

Offers protection from martens through ultrasound and high voltage.
Consists of an ultrasonic component and an electronic control system and metal plates.
Contact plates are attached to the places that are to be protected.
The entire system aktivates as soon as the engine is switched off. As soon as the engine is switched on, the system deactivates itself again.
If, despite ultrasound, the marten does get in should the marten get into the engine compartment, an electric shock will drive the marten away.
With the combination of high voltage and ultrasound, this variant offers almost 100 percent protection against marten damage.

To make your purchase decision easier, we have listed the advantages and disadvantages of the combined version of the marten repellent with ultrasound and high voltage:

advantages

Very effective.
Offers double security through marderschreck ultrasonic component and high voltage.
Automatic activation of the system as soon as the engine is switched off.
Almost 100 percent protection against marten damage.

Disadvantages

Relatively expensive to eliminate.
With cheap devices, the ultrasound can damage the hearing of the person.

3. Buying advice: what points do you need to pay attention to when buying?

In order for you to buy the most suitable marten repellent for you, we have put together a buying guide for you.

3.1. Legal regulations must be observed

Some products produce a very unpleasant beeping sound.

First of all, you must make sure that your device complies with the legal provisions and is approved. Especially cheap products often do not meet the standard.

If the beep of an ultrasonic device can be heard by humans, the device does not comply with the legal requirements. For neighbors and especially babies and small children, the marten repellent becomes a nuisance and they may even suffer from hearing damage.

Therefore, we strongly recommend that you buy equipment that complies with the legal requirements. Otherwise there may be legal consequences.

A marten repellent with high voltage must also comply with the CE standard. It should have a low power consumption.

3.2. Quality must be right

Your marten repellent should be able to change frequency.

The quality goes hand in hand with the legal requirements. the frequencies of a cheap marten repellent can often be heard by humans as well. The noise is not only unpleasant, it also damages the hearing.

A cheap marderschreck is also very often characterized by a non-changing frequency of the ultrasonic sound. A marten gets used to a certain frequency after a certain time, so that the device is then useless for you.

A more expensive device with constantly changing frequencies keeps the rodent away for a long time, because the animal has no chance to get used to the frequency.

3.3. How each type of marten repellent convinces

Marten traps should not be used to get rid of a marten.

With the marten scare with ultrasound you drive away the marten with very high frequencies. Provided that the sounds are not perceptible to the human ear, and the device produces constantly changing frequencies, we can highly recommend this type to you. A marten repellent with ultrasound is also comparatively inexpensive.

Also the marten repellent with electroshock usually works well. Some critics and animal rights activists have the following opinion, it is cruelty to animals to attach a marten repellent with high voltage to your car. Proponents of the marten trap with electric shock counter that it is also not conducive to the healthy lifestyle of the animal, if it feeds on plastic and plastic cables. For the protection of the human being from car accidents it is also extremely important, prevent marten damage.

Attention: to catch a marten, we can not recommend to you. On the one hand, the marten will return to your car after release and on the other hand, the animal is unnecessarily tortured by marten traps, because they are very narrow and the marten has hardly any space in them.

The combined solution, in which the marten repellent is equipped with both ultrasound and high voltage, offers the best protection against marten damage, but is also the most expensive variant. Nevertheless, we advise you to use this type of combination for maximum safety.

4. Is there a marten repellent test from the stiftung warentest??

So far, the foundation warentest has not yet conducted a marderschreck test. Therefore, we can not recommend a marten repellent test winner at this point. But the organization has einDuCtIon of vaLUable advIceS for cuStomers. In addition, you can look around on the Internet for various other marderschreck tests.

According to customer opinions, the landi marten repellent as well as the kemo marten repellent are among the high quality examples. But also other brands and manufacturers can convince:

VOSS
Carpoint
Kemo

The marten damage – a single case?

Per year there are approx. 233.000 marten attacks in germany. About the ADAC are 16.000 marten mishaps handled. At least one in 200 cars has marten damage.

If the stiftung warentest will carry out a marderschreck test for marten protection in the future, the the factors quality, functionality and legal regulations are particularly important. A marderschreck-test would also take into account the factors of safety and price-performance ratio.

5. What questions and answers about the marten repellent are helpful?

5.1. On point – how does a marten repellent work??

The functionality of the marten scare for the car depends on the model. With an ultrasonic marten repellent sounds are emitted, which are not perceptible for humans, which are but makes martens absolutely uncomfortable, so that they look the other way.

Other marten repellent products work with electric current and emit a shock as soon as the marten enters the networked area.

5.2. How much power does a marten repellent need??

A marderschreck consumes fortunately relatively little power. The sound generator is only stimulated more strongly in pulses. This increases its current flow to approximately 130 ma. Otherwise it is far below.

The marderschreck steals only a little power from the car battery. Dhe battery-powered marten repellent is also a sensible option if you want to save electricity or conserve your car battery.

5.3. How to install a marten repellent?

It is not difficult at all to connect the marderschreck correctly. Open your hood and take a good look first, which places in the engine compartment need to be protected.

Attention: before you install the marten trap in your car, you must remember to take out the safety device of the marten trap. Otherwise you risk an electric shock.

When installing the marderschreck is to be careful.

If you have chosen a device with ultrasound, or the combination of ultrasound and high voltage, you must when installing the device, make sure it is placed correctly.

Ultrasound behaves in its propagation similar to light. Thus, objects can create shadows that prevent the glaring sound from reaching every area. Therefore, make sure to orient your ultrasonic device so that all parts at risk can be sonicated.

As far as the electric marten repellent is concerned, it is very important to place the contact plates in the right place. Martens often climb over tires and wheel housings to where they don’t belong: in the engine compartment. we therefore recommend you to place some of the contact plates here. The electric fence should be placed in such a way that you protect car parts that are particularly vulnerable to marten damage.

Gardigo marten-free set of 2

	currently available from 37,90 € » to the amazon offer" to the ebay offer
effective range	approx. 40 m²
opening angle	K. A.
How long is the mobile marten deterrent gardio marten-free effective?	It depends on the quality of the batteries. with high quality batteries the mobile marderschreck gardio marten-free ca. Be used in continuous operation for half a year. After that, the batteries are simply replaced and the marderschreck is active again.

DFNT marten repellent

	currently available from 24,90 € » to the amazon offer" to the ebay-offer
effective range	40 m²
opening angle	K.A.
Is the DFNT marten deterrent suitable for all cars and vehicles?	the marten repellent comparison shows that the DFNT marten repellent is an effective device for repelling martens. This gadget is suitable for all car brands and sounds in all engine compartments in endless loop. This will help you prevent damage to cables caused by mader bites and save you high repair costs.

Gardigo marten-free mobile

	currently available from 19,90 € » to the amazon offer" to the ebay offer
effective range	40 m²
opening angle	K. A.
What is the range of the marten repellent gardigo marten-free mobile in closed rooms??	Customers who have had experience with the gardigo marten repellent appreciate the high range of operation. Compared to conventional products, the gardigo marten-free mobile has a high range of approx. 40 m² in closed rooms.

VON HAMELN® marten repellent

	currently available from 25,99 € » go to amazon offer" to the ebay offer
effective range	for the entire engine compartment
opening angle	K. A.
Do the sounds of the marten scare VON HAMELN® disturb the pets??	If you buy the VON HAMELN® marderschreck, neither your pets will be disturbed by the high frequency sounds, nor you yourself, because these sounds are hardly perceptible. The marten has a very sensitive hearing and these sounds are unpleasant for him. This will drive away the marten.

Mardersicher "mardersicher ultra"

	currently available from 76,81 € » to the amazon offer" to the ebay-offer
effective range	for the entire engine compartment
opening angle	170 °
is the installation of the marten repellent "mardersicher ultra"? very difficult for a layman?	If you want to use the "mardersicher ultra" buy marderschreck, the installation will be no problem for you even with little technical knowledge. This marten repellent is mounted directly in the engine compartment and connected to the battery of the vehicle. The installation time is usually about 30 minutes. in the instruction manual it is explained step by step exactly how the installation is to proceed.

Gardigo solar animal repellent

	currently available from 24,90 € » to the amazon offer to the ebay offer
effective range	200 m²
opening angle	90 °
in which area does the gardigo solar animal repeller work??	If you decide to buy this marten repellent, you can keep an area of about 200 m² free of martens. This is a comparatively large area of action of the gardigo solar animal repeller. Other devices often only allow a quarter of the range of the gardigo solar animal repellent.

Did the editors also select manufacturers for the marten repellent comparison, who have cheaper products in their program??

in our marten repellent comparison you will find premium and mid-range manufacturers as well as manufacturers with a product range for price-conscious customers. of the 8 manufacturers represented, one is sure to have the right offer for you! More information"

Which marten repellent from our marten repellent product comparison is especially recommended for customers who attach importance to a favorable price??

Customers who value a favorable price are best advised to buy a cheaper model in our marten repellent comparison (from approx. 17 euro ) or to the price-performance winner gardigo solar animal expeller from our comparison at a price of 24.90 euro . More information"

what rating did buyers give the customer favorite from our marderschreck comparison??

the customer favorite from our marten repellent comparison, the mardersicher "mardersicher ultra" , received 4.6 out of 5 stars from previous customers. More information"

Are ratings given by the editors in the marderschreck comparison??

For better orientation, the editorial staff assigns ratings to the products included in the marten repellent comparison. One of the models received the top rating "VERY GOOD and therefore stands out: the mardersicher "mardersicher ultra" . More information"

Itinerary italy – day 1

itinerary italy – day 2

itinerary italy – day 3

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