Tolls in germany and europe: who pays what?

adminonFebruary 5, 2022February 11, 2022Leave a Comment

Tolls in Germany and Europe: who pays what?

If you want to go on vacation in europe and drive by car, you should inform yourself about the respective tolls in europe beforehand. Just planning a short trip in europe or just passing through a country can lead to drastic costs. A freeway toll is also to be introduced in germany as of 2016. At present, however, there is still a lively debate with the EU Commission as to whether the introduction is really legitimate.

tolls for europe: freeway tolls apply here

Bulgaria:

entry for all vehicles: flat fee of 8,70 € / car
Distance-based tolls for freeways and 3-/4-lane roads
toll prices: between 5 – 15 €

denmark:

bridge over large belt ("storebaelt") between the islands of fyn and sealand: 29 €
oresund bridges between copenhagen and malmo (sweden): 34 €
motorcycles: 17,50 €
passenger car with trailer/ camper van: 63 €

France:

Almost all freeway routes are subject to tolls: 5 € / 100 km
motorcycles, campers, trucks: graduated prices
Frejus tunnel + mont blanc tunnel for cars: one way €32.30 – return €40.30
Frejus tunnel + mont blanc tunnel for motorcycles: one way €21.40 – return €26.80
Notice: urban bypasses toll-free (paris, lyon, bordeaux, marseille)

Greece:

toll for europe and greece on ca. 10 freeway routes: between evzoni, thessaloniki, athens, patras, tripoli
toll prices for europe: cars 1 – 3,50 €
toll prices for europe: buses and trucks up to 5 €

Great Britain:

toll for europe and Great Britain on M6 with toll freeway section
motorcycle: £3 (mo-fr), £2.80 (sa,so), £1.80 (at night, 11-6pm)
cars: £5.50 (mo-fr), £4.80 (sa,so), £3.80 (nights, 11-6pm)
With trailer: 10 £ (mo-fr), 8,60 £ (sa,so), 6,60 £ (at night, 23-6 o’clock)

Italy:

80 toll roads
"closed" system: cars 5 € / 100 km
"closed" system: motorcycles, motor homes, trucks = graduated prices
"open" system: flat rate for como-milano, varese-milano, torino-bardonecchia, mordex-aosta, roma-civitavecchia, napoli-salerno, messina-furiano, cefalù-buonfornello

Croatia:

When leaving freeways or expressways: 1 – 8 € depending on the route
special tolls for bridges, tunnels etc. (such as ucka-tunnel, bridge to island krk)
trailers, motorhomes and trucks = staggered prices

Macedonia:

Skopje-tetovo-gostivar: 100 MKD (ca. 1 €)
Kumanovo-skopje-veles-gradsko: 300 MKD (approx. 3 €)
Additional fees: city toll, bridges, tunnels etc.

Netherlands:

Kiltunnel (between dordrecht and hoeske waard): cars and motorcycles 1,50 €
Kiltunnel (between dordrecht and hoeske waard): autobuses 3,50 €
Willem-alexander bridge: PASSENGER CAR 1,50 €
Willem-alexander-bridge: buses 5 €
Tunnel from coudorpen direction terneuzen: PASSENGER CAR 4,50 €

Norway:

Some roads, bridges, tunnels, big cities: 2 – 15 €

Austria:

compulsory vignettes for the entire freeway network: annual, two-month and 10-day vignettes
passenger car annual vignette: 84,40 €
car two-month vignette: 25,30 €
passenger car 10-day vignette: 8,70 €
toll for europe and austriafor vans and motorhomes (over 3,5 t): payment via go-boxes depending on axles
Motorcycles annual vignette: €33.60
Motorcycles two-month vignette: 12,70 €
motorcycles 10-day vignette: 5,00 €

Additional toll for europe in austria:

Brenner freeway: 8 €
Tauern freeway: ca. 10 €
Arlberg tunnel road: ca. 8,50 €
Felbertauerntunnel: ca. 10 €
Grobglockner: ca. 28 €
Karavanke tunnel: ca. 4,40 €

Poland:

toll for europe in poland on A1, A2 and A4
amount of tolls: depending on the route and calculated according to vehicle class
cars, minibuses, motorhomes: ca. 2 €
trucks, buses and cars over 3.5 t: ca. 5 €

Portugal:

toll for europe via sensor device
Debit of toll fees from credit card or credit card (from 50 €)
toll in europe for cars in portugal: 5 € / 100 km
tolls in europe for motorhomes and trucks in portugal: graduated prices

Romania:

Vignette for cars, motorhomes and trailers (no motorcycles)
vehicles up to 3,5 t: annual vignette 28 €
Vehicles up to 3.5 t: 90-day vignette 13 €
Vehicles up to 3.5 t: 30-day vignette 7 €
vehicles up to 3.5 t: 7-day vignette €3
Danube bridge giurgeni and widin: up to 3.5 t = 6 €, up to 7.5 t = 12 €
bridge calafat and vadu oii: up to 3,5 t = ca. 2,50 €, up to 12 t = ca. 6 €
Danube bridge fetesti and cernavoda: up to 3,5 t = ca. 3 €, up to 12 t = ca. 10,50 €

sweden:

oresund bridge between copenhagen (denmark) and malmo
passenger car: ca. 28 €
Motorcycles: ca. 15 €

Switzerland:

compulsory vignette for freeways and similar roads with white-green signs
annual vignette up to 3,5 t (also motorcycles): 40 €
vehicles over 3,5 t: graduated prices
some tunnes with car loading and railroad loading: extra charges

Serbia:

toll in europe for all freeways and single expressways in serbia
passenger cars: 10 – 23 € depending on distance
motorcycles: 8 – 15 € depending on distance
Vehicle insurance (without green insurance card): 77 € for a transit (there and back)

slovakia:

toll in europe for all freeways, federal roads and expressways in slovakia
Mileage-based toll for vehicles over 3.5 t
cars up to 3,5 t: annual vignette ca. 51 €
cars up to 3.5 t: monthly sticker ca. 13,80 €
cars up to 3,5 t: 7-day sticker ca. 6,80 €
No toll for europe in slovakia for motorcycles

Slovenia:

car annual vignette: 110 €
passenger car monthly vignette: 30 €
passenger cars 7-day vignette: 15 €
motorcyclist annual vignette: 55,50 €
motorcyclist half-yearly vignette: 30 €
motorcyclist 7-day vignette: 7,50 €
toll in europe for trucks over 3.5 t in slovenia: depending on route and pollutant emissions
toll in europe for vans up to 3.5 t in slovenia: annual vignette 220 €
toll in europe for delivery vehicles up to 3.5 t in slovenia: monthly vignette 80 €
toll in europe for vans up to 3,5 t in slovenia: 7-day-vignette 40 €

Spain:

toll in europe for AP and R designated freeway routes spain
Toll in europe for some tunnels and bridges in spain
Passenger cars: 8 € / 100 km
toll-free city highways and bypasses: barcelona, zaragoza, madrid, valencia, girona, tarragona
no freeway tolls on tenerife, gran canaria, local freeways with nomenclature to the corresponding place (M-10 etc). In madrid, SE-30 in sevilla etc.)

Czech Republic:

toll in europe on freeways and similar highways czech republic
cars up to 3,5 t: annual vignette ca. 62 €
Passenger cars up to 3.5 t: monthly vignette ca. 18,50 €
Passenger cars up to 3.5 t: 10-day vignette ca. 13 €
vehicles up to 12 t: annual vignette ca. 190 €
Vehicles up to 12 t: monthly vignette ca. 80 €
vehicles up to 12 t: 10-day vignette ca. 33 €
Vehicles over 12 t: mileage-based toll (21 – 29 cents / kilometer)

Turkey:

toll in europe on some roads and bosporus bridges in turkey direction asia
fees: 0,50 – 1.50 € depending on route

Hungary:

tolls in europe on highways, expressways and some stretches of main roads in hungary
D1 toll category (motorcycles, cars, cars with trailers up to 3.5 t)
yearly vignette: ca. 149 €
monthly vignette: ca. 16,50 €
Weekly vignette (10 days): ca. 10,50 €

European countries without tolls

In some european countries, there are currently no tolls to pay. If or when a fee will be charged – for both domestic and foreigners – is still questionable. However, there are z. B. Freeway tolls between certain stretches, such as in bosnia-herzegovina between kakovi and sarajevo and in iceland for the hualfjordur tunnel (€11.50). Note: short ferries are free of charge in inland Finland, as they are counted as part of the road network.

Tolls in europe can vary from country to country (c) istock.Com / jojoo64

In these european countries, no general toll is charged:

Andorra
Bosnia-herzegovina
Estonia
Finland
Iceland
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Malta
Moldova
Monaco
Ukraine
Vatican City
Cyprus

tolls in europe: current discussion between germany and the eu commission

It has been known for some time that tolls are to be introduced in germany in 2016, as in other european countries. The intention is to achieve a fair distribution of the burden and to use the revenue for road construction and to better regulate the flow of traffic in order to highlight the positive aspects of the german toll in europe. Of course, the german toll also has a negative impact on europe in that fuel-efficient vehicles are "penalized," so to speak, traffic shifts to country roads and commuters become increasingly burdened. But besides these aspects there is another important factor which is currently being discussed: is the introduction of the german toll for europe a violation of european law, because nationals do not have to pay the toll, but foreigners do??

tolls in germany: position 1

Transport minister dobrindt believes that the toll law is fully in line with european law.

tolls in germany: position 2

The EU Commission is of the opinion that Germany is violating the european law of non-discrimination with the introduction of the car tolls.

Angela merkel, on the other hand, has publicly spoken out against the passenger car toll for nationals:

What does the german toll mean for europe??

After it became known that only foreign drivers have to pay the toll and German drivers pay the fee but are relieved by the vehicle tax, the EU Commission became suspicious: this violates the european fundamental rights? transport minister dobrindt has expressly emphasized that, although german citizens invest money in europe for the german toll, they will get their money back through a reduction in vehicle taxes. However, the EU commission took a closer look at the situation: EU law prohibits discrimination against foreigners. This raised doubts in juncker’s mind as to whether the law complies with the principle of non-discrimination. Since dobrindt continues to insist on compliance with european law, the EU Commission counters that it will take the matter to the european Court of Justice if necessary, which could assess the CSU toll differently. Because non-discrimination is expressly a fundamental principle of the treaty. Is the EU commission interfering too much in national affairs here?? Secretary General of the CSU andreas scheuer describes the current situation as follows:

"the eU commission is once again pursuing an all-interference policy in national competencies, and that is unacceptable."

Lawsuit against the german toll: europe discusses the new toll introduction

tolls in europe apply to both cars and trucks (c) istock.Com / mitifo

Still this month, probably on 18. June 2015, the EU Commission will initiate infringement proceedings against Germany’s passenger car toll plans. transport minister dobrindt’s project should be stopped as soon as possible. For this purpose, EU Transport Commissioner violeta bulc will be increasingly called in to support the EU Commission. This is also the opinion that it is contrary to European law that only foreigners are asked to pay the toll – only because of the reduction in vehicle tax for German drivers. In order to prevent a toll on passenger cars, an application for an interim injunction would be filed with the european Court of Justice. The extent to which this project can be implemented by 2016 is currently still questionable, especially as the toll for Europe is already to be introduced from next year.

catalog of fines for truck distance off the freeway

infringement fine points driving ban

distance not kept – speed less than 80 km/h	25 €
. With jeopardy	30 €
. With damage to property	35 €
distance not maintained – speed in excess of 80 km/h distance to the vehicle in front was less than.
. 5/10 of half the tach value	75 €	1
. 4/10 of half the tacho value	100 €	1
. 3/10 of half the tachometer value	160 €	1
. 2/10 of the half tacho value	240 €	1
. 1/10 of half the tach value	320 €	1
Distance not maintained – speed in excess of 100 km/h distance to the vehicle in front was less than.
. 5/10 of half of the tacho value	75 €	1
. 4/10 of half the speedometer value	100 €	1
. 3/10 of half the speedometer value	160 €	2	1 month
. 2/10 of half the speedometer value	240 €	2	2 months
. 1/10 of half the speedometer value	320 €	2	3 months
distance not maintained – speed more than 130 km/h distance from the vehicle in front was less than.
. 5/10 of half the speedometer value	100 €	1
. 4/10 of half the speed limit	180 €	1
. 3/10 of half the speedometer value	240 €	2	1 month
. 2/10 of half the speedometer value	320 €	2	2 months
. 1/10 of half the tachometer value	400 €	2	3 months

catalog of fines for distance for trucks on the freeway

fine in euro points in flensburg

truck did not keep the minimum distance of 50 meters at a speed of more than 50 km/h on a freeway	80	1
vehicle subject to mandatory marking with a gross vehicle weight of more than 3.5 t failed to maintain the minimum distance of 50 meters at a speed of more than 50 km/h on a freeway	120	1

Trucks usually bring a few tons on the scales. It is not uncommon for several seconds to pass before such a vehicle actually comes to a halt during emergency braking. It is therefore all the more important that the prescribed safety distance for trucks is maintained in order to avoid rear-end collisions. Unfortunately, some drivers do not adhere to this and drive much too close on the. We tell you what the minimum distance for trucks is and what fines are imposed on truck drivers for insufficient distance.

Video: how to avoid distance violations!

Traffic sign 273: A truck distance violation here costs at least 25 euros

According to § 4 abs. 1 of the road traffic regulations (stvo) applies to all motor vehicles that their distance from the vehicle in front must be large enough that even in the event of sudden braking by the truck in front can stop the following vehicle, without following the truck. But it is not defined at this point, what distance the motor vehicles must specifically maintain.

A look at the catalog of fines will help here. This provides namely for all motor vehicles sanctions are always imposed as soon as they are within a distance of less than half the speedometer value in meters driving to the vehicle in front.

This means that every motor vehicle – including trucks – must maintain a distance of at least half the speedometer value in meters keep the distance to the vehicle in front. In the event of a distance violation – whether with a truck or another vehicle – the minimum fine is as follows a fine of 75 euros and one point in flensburg. The exact penalties can be found in the above fine tables.

In addition traffic sign 273 the minimum safety distance on the relevant stretch of road. If a driver falls below the prescribed distance with his or her truck, the following applies a fine of at least 25 euros at.

The distance between trucks on the highway and for trains over 7 meters

On the freeway in turn, every truck whose maximum permissible mass is more than 3.5 t a minimum distance of 50 meters keep your distance from the vehicle in front – but only from a speed of of 51 km/h. In a traffic jam or. Truck drivers are thus allowed to tailgate more closely when the traffic is jammed. This is specified in § 4 abs. 3 stvo fixed.

If the prescribed truck distance is not maintained, an accident can quickly occur during a sudden braking maneuver

In paragraph 2 of the same section, we also find one more restriction, which affects trains longer than 7 meters, which means that as a rule truck with trailer are meant. These must choose the distance to the vehicle in front in such a way that an overtaking vehicle always has enough space to pull into the lane.

For one violation of this regulation if the distance between the truck and the vehicle in front is exceeded, a fine of at least 25 euros may be imposed.

This special regulation does not apply, if

The truck even to overtake has swerved and indicated this in accordance with the regulations,
In the direction of the truck at least two lanes are present or
Overtaking on the stretch not allowed at all is.

In this case, the truck must again distance of 50 meters (on the freeway) resp. From half the speedometer value in meters comply.

FAQ: truck distance

With the exception of freeways, at least half the speed limit in meters must be maintained as a safety distance on all roads.

At a speed of more than 50 km/h, a distance of at least 50 meters is prescribed for vehicles over 3.5 tons of permissible total mass.

What sanctions, such as z. B. A fine, for insufficient truck distance, can be found in our fine tables.

italian coffee specialties are also very popular in germany. People have come to know and appreciate drinks such as latte macchiato or cappuccio on vacation and enjoy the coffee specialties also in our widths to get a slice of vacation mood to bring into the everyday life.

Numerous baristas offer excellent versions in coffee houses and bistros. Nevertheless, one would like to prepare such a speciality for oneself and one’s guests at home from time to time. With a milk frother this is also possible no problem. Numerous manufacturers offer practical milk frothers for the home, and it’s worth comparing the individual models. This is how you can find the perfect model for your own household and treat yourself to a cappuccino for breakfast.

Milk can be foamed in this way

There are several ways to froth milk for specialty coffees. From inexpensive entry-level models to sophisticated professional appliances, there is a wide range of milk frothing devices, which can often be quite confusing for the layman. Especially if you have no experience with the making specialty coffees If you are a first-time milk frother and would like to froth milk at home, you should try an inexpensive device first.

This is the way to find out if making coffee specialties will continue to be part of your home routine. Once you have decided to prepare drinks with milk foam on a regular basis, you can later purchase a more expensive machine.

The various milk frothers offer different advantages

wand milk frother – practical, uncomplicated and inexpensive

The milk frothing wand brings several advantages with itself. On the one hand, such a device is available quite inexpensively, and on the other hand, it is also handy and small, so that it can be stowed away even in the smallest kitchen. In general, the milk frothing bars consist of a long bar with the spiral for frothing and a handle part in which the motor and battery are housed.

To froth the milk you need an additional vessel, and it is best to choose a high pot in which the milk can be heated on the stove at the same time. The milk frothing wand is simply held in the pot and turned on until the milk has reached the desired consistency.

The milk frothing with such a device is more laborious than with one automatic device. That’s why milk frothing wands are more suitable if they are only used now and then.

The electric milk frother

A electric milk frother is an excellent solution for those who want to froth milk and heat it at the same time. The device resembles a kettle and heats the milk in the same way. Inside the machine, however, there is still an insert that froths the milk while it is being heated up. As a rule, this insert consists of a spiral, which spins quickly and thus lifts air under the milk. In this way, two operations can be carried out in one and the warm, frothed milk is available in a short time.

A variation of the automatic milk frothers are the induction milk frothers. They work in a very similar way, but with induction technology and offer fully automatic programs that can be easily controlled via push button can be started. This eliminates the need for a direct connection between the power source and the whisk and also makes cleaning easier. The milk container can be washed in the dishwasher in most cases.

Manual milk frother

There are also manual milk frothers that do not require electricity. These appliances usually have a milk jug which can be placed on the stove for heating. A fine sieve, which is mounted inside the milk jug, is now moved quickly up and down on a handle, causing the milk to foam up. This device also appeals to many coffee lovers who like to turn the preparation of a special ceremony and control the consistency of your milk foam in a first-class way. Of course, you should have a little time for this task.

Frothing milk with steam

Many fully automatic coffee machines, especially those used in the commercial sector, are equipped with a steam nozzle that is held in the milk for frothing. with such a device, milk can be quickly made, even in large quantities, into a creamy foaming consistency. In the private sector, however, such machines are used relatively rarely.

How to make milk foam every time

If you use a milk frother for the first time, it can easily happen that the wonderful froth collapses after a short time. The perfect milk foam should also be able to be moved with the spoon in the cup without breaking down. In the mouth, however, it melts creamy soft. To get perfect milk foam every time, you first have to think about how the milk foam is created. Air is mixed with the milk during the frothing process. This is firmly enclosed by the protein molecules in the milk. A stable foam is created when many protein molecules come together and bind a large number of small air bubbles. Many factors play a role in the success of milk foam:

Protein content of the milk
Fat content of the milk
temperature
degree of freshness
Weather conditions

To prepare milk foam, you should already make the right choice when buying the milk. You can expect a firmer froth with low-fat milk than with full-fat milk. The foam of full-fat milk tends to be creamy. UHT milk is better for foaming than fresh milk.

If you want to achieve good results with fresh milk, the milk should be fresh and just opened. The next step is to choose the right temperature. As a general rule, the protein structures in the milk begin to break down at around 60 degrees celsius. Therefore, the milk should never be heated too much when foaming. The interaction of temperature and fat content also play a role. While low-fat milk develops the best foam when cold, high-fat milk can be made in the medium temperature range best results achieve.

The most important factor However, the most important factor in successful frothing is the protein content of the milk. However, you have no influence on this and you can not determine when buying which milk more proteins contains than the other. However, it is possible to orientate according to certain conditions in the seasons. If, for example, the cows take in more liquid in warm summer weather, the protein content of the milk may drop.

Why do you need milk foam?

Popular and simply delicious with a frothy milk topping

When you think of milk froth, the first thing that comes to mind is of course italian coffee specialties. Cappuccino and latte macchiato receive their luxurious consistency through the milk foam. But there are also other ways to use milk frother. For example, you can make delicious desserts by preparing a sauce with frothed milk.

In this way, a milk frother is versatile and can be used in the kitchen for various recipes.

If you buy such a device, you can experiment with different recipes and family and guests surprise with a new idea more often. you can read an interesting article on the topic of milk foam here at n-tv.

The most popular milk frother suppliers and models

There is a wide range of milk frothers available in specialized shops and on the internet. one of the most popular brands is nespresso. The name is known from the coffee capsules and also the milk frothers of this company, which include the models aeroccino 3 and aeroccino 3192, are characterized by high quality and great reliability from.

milk frothers are also available from the severin brand, with which excellent results can be achieved. With the brand there is a wide choice of different devices and you can choose both simple, battery-powered milk frothers choose a practical automatic machine that runs on electricity from the socket.

It is also worth mentioning the saeco brand, which has made a name for itself in recent years for high-quality fully automatic coffee machines. The milk frothers of this brand are excellently crafted and perform well excellent work when it comes to making good, long-lasting milk foam.

The 3 best "foam whippers

Which milk frother you finally buy is decided by a variety of factors. Here are our three recommendations for guaranteed perfect milk foam.